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[Submitted on 3 Oct 2026] Title:BoT-Feedback: Grounding Multimodal Reasoning in Biomechanical Evidence for Explainable Human Action Feedback View a PDF of the paper titled BoT-Feedback: Grounding Multimodal Reasoning in Biomechanical Evidence for Explainable Human Action Feedback, by Xu Dong and 3 other authors View PDF HTML (experimental) Abstract:Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in visual understanding and multimodal reasoning, yet they remain fundamentally limited in Human Action Feedback Generation. Existing methods infer coaching feedback directly from visual observations, producing generic advice, limited interpretability, and physically implausible hallucinations. In contrast, expert human coaches diagnose performance through explicit biomechanical reasoning over joint kinematics, posture, and body dynamics. We introduce BoT-Feedback, a framework that grounds MLLM reasoning in structured biomechanical evidence. Our key contribution is Biomechanics of Thought (BoT), a four-stage reasoning framework that progressively identifies the action, localises the critical body regions, analyses quantitative biomechanical differences between expert and student performances, and synthesises interpretable coaching feedback. To support this reasoning process, we develop a plug-and-play Biomechanical Data Parser (BDP) that converts videos into structured biomechanical descriptors and an alignment strategy that temporally matches expert and student motions. We further introduce BiomAF, a benchmark containing paired teacher-student videos, 3D skeletons, biomechanical attributes, and expert-coaching annotations. Experiments across twelve open- and closed-source MLLMs demonstrate that grounding reasoning in biomechanical evidence consistently improves feedback quality, interpretability, and robustness while substantially reducing biomechanical hallucinations. BoT-Feedback improves the average expert evaluation score from 2.07 to 2.95 (+40%), enabling compact open-source MLLMs to approach the performance of substantially larger proprietary systems for explainable action feedback generation. Subjects: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV) Cite as: arXiv:2610.06972 [cs.CV] (or arXiv:2610.06972v1 [cs.CV] for this version) https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2610.06972 arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration) Submission history From: Xu Dong [view email] [v1] Sat, 3 Oct 2026 20:22:29 UTC (6,358 KB) Full-text links: Access Paper: View a PDF of the paper titled BoT-Feedback: Grounding Multimodal Reasoning in Biomechanical Evidence for Explainable Human Action Feedback, by Xu Dong and 3 other authors View PDF HTML (experimental) TeX Source view license Additional Features Audio Summary Current browse context: cs.CV new | recent | 2026-10 Change to browse by: cs References & Citations NASA ADS Google Scholar Semantic Scholar Loading... Data provided by: Bibliographic Tools Bibliographic and Citation Tools Bibliographic Explorer Toggle Bibliographic Explorer (What is the Explorer?) Connected Papers Toggle Connected Papers (What is Connected Papers?) Litmaps Toggle Litmaps (What is Litmaps?) scite.ai Toggle scite Smart Citations (What are Smart Citations?) Code, Data, Media Code, Data and Media Associated with this Article alphaXiv Toggle alphaXiv (What is alphaXiv?) Links to Code Toggle CatalyzeX Code Finder for Papers (What is CatalyzeX?) DagsHub Toggle DagsHub (What is DagsHub?) GotitPub Toggle Gotit.pub (What is GotitPub?) Huggingface Toggle Hugging Face (What is Huggingface?) ScienceCast Toggle ScienceCast (What is ScienceCast?) Demos Demos Replicate Toggle Replicate (What is Replicate?) Spaces Toggle Hugging Face Spaces (What is Spaces?) Spaces Toggle TXYZ.AI (What is TXYZ.AI?) Related Papers Recommenders and Search Tools Link to Influence Flower Influence Flower (What are Influence Flowers?) Core recommender toggle CORE Recommender (What is CORE?) Author Venue Institution Topic About arXivLabs arXivLabs: experimental projects with community collaborators arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website. Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them. Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs. Which authors of this paper are endorsers? | Disable MathJax (What is MathJax?)