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[Submitted on 11 Sep 2026] Title:A Hybrid Hierarchical 1D-CNN-BiLSTM Framework for Extractive Summarization of Biomedical and Clinical Text View a PDF of the paper titled A Hybrid Hierarchical 1D-CNN-BiLSTM Framework for Extractive Summarization of Biomedical and Clinical Text, by Saad Bin Ather and 4 other authors View PDF HTML (experimental) Abstract:Large language models have made abstractive summarization remarkably fluent, but generated summaries can hallucinate facts, posing serious risks in biomedical and clinical domains. We address this by removing generation from the pipeline and framing summarization as extractive sentence selection. Our Hybrid Hierarchical CNN-LSTM Summarizer uses stacked multi-kernel convolutions to compose sentence-level embeddings into richer inter-sentence representations, followed by a bidirectional LSTM to model long-range dependencies across the document. A lightweight scoring head assigns per-sentence importance scores and is trained end-to-end with binary cross-entropy against oracle extractive labels. At inference, a dynamic mean-plus-standard-deviation threshold with a top-3 fallback selects sentences directly from the source and chronologically reorders them into the final summary. Since every output sentence is copied from the input, the model avoids generation-induced factual drift. On PubMed, our architecture outperforms isolated CNN and LSTM baselines, while ablations show that wider convolutional receptive fields improve sentence scoring. On MIMIC-CXR and MIMIC-IV BHC, the model performs well on unstructured narratives but defaults toward positional baselines on highly templated reports. These results suggest that structural constraints can provide a reliable path toward factually grounded summarization systems that are trustworthy by design rather than by correction. Comments: 6 pages, 2 figures Subjects: Computation and Language (cs.CL) Cite as: arXiv:2609.13481 [cs.CL] (or arXiv:2609.13481v1 [cs.CL] for this version) https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2609.13481 arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration) Submission history From: Saad Bin Ather [view email] [v1] Fri, 11 Sep 2026 19:49:33 UTC (305 KB) Full-text links: Access Paper: View a PDF of the paper titled A Hybrid Hierarchical 1D-CNN-BiLSTM Framework for Extractive Summarization of Biomedical and Clinical Text, by Saad Bin Ather and 4 other authors View PDF HTML (experimental) TeX Source view license Current browse context: cs.CL new | recent | 2026-09 Change to browse by: cs References & Citations NASA ADS Google Scholar Semantic Scholar Loading... Data provided by: Bibliographic Tools Bibliographic and Citation Tools Bibliographic Explorer Toggle Bibliographic Explorer (What is the Explorer?) Connected Papers Toggle Connected Papers (What is Connected Papers?) Litmaps Toggle Litmaps (What is Litmaps?) scite.ai Toggle scite Smart Citations (What are Smart Citations?) Code, Data, Media Code, Data and Media Associated with this Article alphaXiv Toggle alphaXiv (What is alphaXiv?) Links to Code Toggle CatalyzeX Code Finder for Papers (What is CatalyzeX?) DagsHub Toggle DagsHub (What is DagsHub?) GotitPub Toggle Gotit.pub (What is GotitPub?) Huggingface Toggle Hugging Face (What is Huggingface?) ScienceCast Toggle ScienceCast (What is ScienceCast?) Demos Demos Replicate Toggle Replicate (What is Replicate?) Spaces Toggle Hugging Face Spaces (What is Spaces?) Spaces Toggle TXYZ.AI (What is TXYZ.AI?) Related Papers Recommenders and Search Tools Link to Influence Flower Influence Flower (What are Influence Flowers?) Core recommender toggle CORE Recommender (What is CORE?) Author Venue Institution Topic About arXivLabs arXivLabs: experimental projects with community collaborators arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website. Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them. Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs. Which authors of this paper are endorsers? | Disable MathJax (What is MathJax?)