What is 'pink-slime' journalism and has it infiltrated Australian media?

What is 'pink-slime' journalism and has it infiltrated Australian media?

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By Madigan Landry

ABC South West WA

Topic:AI

Fri 22 May 2026 at 8:29amFri 22 May 2026 at 8:29am

Fri 22 May 2026 at 8:29am

The Bunbury Guardian was one of a series of AI-generated news sites that appeared in regional WA earlier this year. (ABC South West: Madigan Landry)

In short:

Experts say a series of AI-generated online mastheads masquerading as regional news outlets is likely the first instance of "pink-slime" journalism in Australia.

The sites, which appeared in February, were traced back to an Australian website builder living overseas who said the now-deleted outlets were an experiment gone wrong.

What's next?

The news sites were taken offline after the ABC made enquiries about their ownership and editorial policies.

Pink slime originally referred to a highly processed meat product being sold in the United States. (ABC South West: Madigan Landry)

In February, AI-generated news sites started appearing in WA regional hubs with numerous mastheads, including The Mandurah Reader, Esperance Enosis and The Bunbury Guardian.

The ABC began investigating the sites, which claimed to be staffed by local journalists, after The Bunbury Guardian began publishing content that appeared to be directly scraped from ABC South West WA stories.

The AI-generated mastheads, owned by a parent company called Scholastica, were all taken offline after the ABC began making enquiries.

Two of the AI news sites investigated by the ABC. (Sourced: The Bunbury Guardian and The Mandurah Reader)

Targeting 'vulnerable' communities

Brigid O'Connell was a journalist in Melbourne for 20 years before she became an AI media academic and PhD candidate.

While pink slime is widespread in other parts of the world, Ms O'Connell said that, until now, the phenomenon had not infiltrated Australia's media landscape.

"This would be one of the first sightings of pink-slime journalism in Australia,"

she said.

Ms O'Connell said pink-slime journalism targeting regional towns was a "big concern".

"Regional communities are the most vulnerable … they've often seen their local newspaper shut down," she said.

Top: An AI-generated image depicting storm damage in Bunbury. Bottom: A photo taken by an ABC reporter of the actual storm damage done to a Bunbury property. (ABC South West: Madigan Landry)

The Bunbury Guardian's articles were published under the by-lines of reporters the site claimed had been reporting on news in Bunbury for more than a decade. It listed AI-generated biographies and profile photos for these reporters.

Ms O'Connell said the lack of accountability in AI journalism had lowered the credibility of traditional news outlets, which were already suffering a drop in readership.

"Who is behind these new sites? What's their agenda? Who's funding these new sites? Do they have political links?" she said.

"If we don't know who's producing the news and for what end, then it makes it really difficult for us to participate with confidence in society."

Undermining truth

The Bunbury Guardian published two articles detailing criminal cases before the courts, including AI-generated images of crime scenes.

University of Technology Sydney Centre for Media Transition coordinator Monica Attard said the obligations of a news outlet in court reporting were well established.

"The rules are not very hard to follow: You can only report what's sitting in court," she said.

"Anything outside of it is absolutely off limits."

A composite of two AI-generated crime scene photos was published in The Bunbury Guardian as part of stories about cases being heard in the Bunbury Magistrate's Court. (Sourced: The Bunbury Guardian)

Professor Attard said this kind of reporting on court cases was "problematic" for justice.

"You can't be sure that [AI-generated imagery] is being used to support and not undermine truth," she said.

"And that raises all sorts of problems for a legal case."

In its most recent survey, the University of Canberra's Digital News Report found that community news was the third-most-trusted news source among members of the public in Australia.

Curtin University senior lecturer in journalism Glynn Greensmith said taking advantage of that trust set a dangerous precedent.

Glynn Greensmith says supervising content produced by AI is not enough to ensure the credibility of the content. (Supplied)

"Some people have decided [trust] is ripe for the picking, whether it be for AI slop or advertising,"

he said.

Under the editorial policies listed on its website, The Bunbury Guardian said it utilised technology, including AI, to "enhance our news gathering and production processes".

"AI assistance may be used for tasks … always under the direct supervision of our human journalists," the website said.

"[AI] serves as a tool, not a replacement for human judgement."

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The orchestrator

The listed editor of The Bunbury Guardian and the parent company, Scholastica, did not respond to the ABC's requests for comment.

Soon after ABC inquiries were made, the AI-generated news mastheads were removed from the internet, and all mention of AI use was removed from Scholastica's website.

A composite of screenshots from Scholastica's website shows it advertising services on offer and an AI-generated testimonial from an AI news site based in New Zealand. Both the testimonial and references to the "Agentic Stack" have since been removed from the website. (Sourced: Scholastica)

An investigation into the ownership structure of the sites revealed that the 2015 recipient of the federally backed New Colombo Scholarship, Anton Lucanus, was behind the mastheads.

In a statement, Mr Lucanus said establishing the websites was an "experiment" gone wrong.

"The tech is so exciting so people can't wait to see what it can build, but as I have learned here, there does need to be guardrails," he said.

The ABC found Mr Lucanus had used the ABN of Perth-based business Full Body Health Pty Ltd in the domain registration for two of the sites.

In a statement, Full Body Health denied any involvement or knowledge of the sites.

Anton Lucanus says he created the mastheads to test the capabilities of content management systems and AI. (Sourced: Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade.)

Mr Lucanus said he had set up a website for Full Body Health in exchange for shares in the company.

He said the use of the ABN was "an administrative error".