RegNetAgents: A Multi-Agent Framework for Cross-Network Regulatory Driver Identification in Cancer Genomics
RegNetAgents is an AI-oriented multi-agent framework for structured, query-driven regulatory candidate identification across heterogeneous gene regulatory networks. It integrates TCGA-derived cancer networks with single-cell regulatory networks from GREmLN, performing dual-network classification, cancer gene filtering via OncoKB, and mode-of-action assignment. Testing on breast and colorectal cancer focal genes showed significant enrichment for known cancer genes and no enrichment for housekeeping controls. An extended module evaluates druggability, clinical relevance, and network vulnerability.
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[Submitted on 16 Apr 2026]
Title:RegNetAgents: A Multi-Agent Framework for Cross-Network Regulatory Driver Identification in Cancer Genomics
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Abstract:We introduce RegNetAgents, an AI-oriented multi-agent framework for structured, query-driven regulatory candidate identification across heterogeneous gene regulatory networks. The system enables unified analysis of bulk tumor and single-cell-derived ARACNe networks by integrating TCGA-derived cancer networks with large-scale single-cell regulatory networks from the GREmLN project. For a given focal gene, the framework performs dual-network classification, cancer gene filtering using OncoKB annotations, and mode-of-action (MoA) assignment for tumor-derived regulatory relationships. Candidates are ranked by evidence consistency across networks (Both, TCGA-only, GREmLN-only). The system is implemented as a multi-agent LangGraph DAG workflow, accessible through a unified Python API and Model Context Protocol (MCP) client, operating as a downstream analytical layer over precomputed regulatory networks rather than a network inference method. Across eleven breast cancer (BRCA) and twelve colorectal cancer (COAD) focal genes, RegNetAgents identifies candidate regulators significantly enriched for OncoKB-annotated cancer genes. TCGA-derived candidates show strong enrichment (Stouffer Z = 6.69 for BRCA and 6.95 for COAD), while GREmLN-derived candidates also demonstrate significant enrichment (Z = 5.51 for BRCA and 7.06 for COAD; all p
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