待翻譯：Privacy risks from medical AI tools are not shared equally

AI 服務暫時不可用，以下為來源正文，待恢復後補全翻譯。

The use of artificial-intelligence tools in medicine has hinged on an implicit bargain. Patients and health systems permit sensitive records to be used for research, usually after de-identification so that names and other pieces of personal information are removed. In return, researchers and developers create tools that could improve health care, for example by enabling earlier diagnoses and new treatments. This bargain relies on the assumption that it is impossible for people who have access to an AI model to infer information about individuals whose data were used to train it. Writing in Nature, Knolle et al.1 show that, in the context of powerful machine-learning models, this assumption is often untrue. Access options Access through your institution Learn more Learn more Rent or buy this article Prices vary by article type from$1.95 to$39.95 Learn more Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout Nature 656, 42-44 (2026) doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-026-02288-9 References Knolle, M. A. et al. Nature 656, 192–198 (2026). Article Google Scholar Feldman, V. & Chiyuan, Z. In Proc. 34 Int. Conf. Neural Inf. Process. Syst. (eds Larochelle, H. et al.) 2881–2891 (Curran Associates, 2020). Tonekaboni, S., Stempfle, L., Fallahpour, A., Gerych, W. & Ghassemi, M. In Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst. 39 (eds Belgrave, D. et al.) 10555–10580 (2026). Geiping, J., Bauermeister, H., Dröge, H. & Moeller, M. In Proc. 34 Int. Conf. Neural Inf. Process. Syst. (eds Larochelle, H. et al.) 16937–16947 (Curran Associates, 2020). Chen, M. et al. In Proc. 2021 ACM SIGSAC Conf. Comput. Commun. Secur. 896–911 (ACM, 2021). Shokri, R., Stronati, M., Song, C. & Shmatikov, V. In Proc. 2017 IEEE Symp. Secur. Priv. (ed. O’Conner, L.) 3–18 (IEEE, 2017). Nissenbaum, H. Wash. Law Rev. 79, 119–157 (2004). Google Scholar Gichoya, J. W. et al. Lancet Digit. Health 4, E406–E414 (2022). Article PubMed Google Scholar Abadi, M. et al. In Proc. 2016 ACM SIGSAC Conf. Comput. Commun. Secur. 308–318 (ACM, 2016). Suriyakumar, V. M., Papernot, N., Goldenberg, A. & Ghassemi, M. In Proc. 2021 ACM Conf. Fairness Account. Transpar. 723–734 (ACM, 2021). Download references Reprints and permissions Competing Interests The authors declare no competing interests. Related Articles Read the paper: Disparate privacy risks from medical AI People are turning to AI chatbots to plug gaps in health information A hidden predictor of sudden cardiac death uncovered by deep learning See all News & Views Subjects Machine learning Society Health care Information technology Latest on: Machine learning Society Health care Want to get more from AI? Treat every prompt like an experiment Career Column 03 AUG 26 Scientists using LLMs will ‘do more, less well’, modelling study predicts News 31 JUL 26 This AI Raygun can shrink and supersize proteins — opening the door to easy editing News 29 JUL 26 Scientists don’t need more trust, they need public allies Correspondence 04 AUG 26 How I use statistics and my law degree to fight human-rights abuses Career Feature 30 JUL 26 New-deal mortgage programmes benefited white borrowers disproportionately Article 29 JUL 26 Put health systems at the centre of European heatwave plans Correspondence 04 AUG 26 Why the need for the WHO has never been greater World View 04 AUG 26 Europe can become a bioengineering powerhouse with these three changes Comment 04 AUG 26 Jobs Group Leader - Neural Circuit Regulation of Immune Function What we are looking for The BioMed X Institute in New Haven, Connecticut, USA is establishing a new, fully funded research group in the following f... New Haven, Connecticut, USA BioMed X Germany GmbH Associate Editor, Discover Journals (Materials Science) Job Title: Associate Editor, Discover Journals (Materials Science) Location: Singapore, Shanghai, Beijing, Nanjing or Pune, Hybrid Working Mo... Singapore, Shanghai, Beijing, Nanjing or Pune, Hybrid Working Model Springer Nature Ltd Multiple Research-Intensive Associate/Full Professor Tenure System Positions & an 1855 Professorship The College of Human Medicine at Michigan State University (MSU) invites applications for multiple tenured, full-time research faculty positions Flint, Michigan (US) Michigan State University Tenure Track Assistant Professor- Texas A&M University Vashisht College of Medicine Medical Physiology at the Texas A&M University Vashisht College of Medicine (VCOM) invites applications for a tenure-track Assistant Professor. Bryan, Texas (US) Texas A&M University- Medical Physiology Postdoctoral Fellowships Worldwide IBSA Foundation for scientific research offers 7 fellowships of € 32.000 to young researchers under 40 years. The call is open to people from research institutes and universities from all over the world. IBSA Foundation for scientific research