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Extracting Semantics: LLM-Guided Automatic Population of Robot Ontology from URDF

A preliminary approach using large language models (LLMs) to automatically generate robot semantic abstractions by transforming URDF models into populated ontologies, with majority voting and validation to ensure reliability.

SourcearXiv RoboticsAuthor: Bastien Dussard (LAAS-RIS, LAAS), Guillaume Sarthou (LAAS-RIS, LAAS)

[2606.17073] Extracting Semantics: LLM-Guided Automatic Population of Robot Ontology from URDF

[Submitted on 10 Jun 2026]

Title:Extracting Semantics: LLM-Guided Automatic Population of Robot Ontology from URDF

View a PDF of the paper titled Extracting Semantics: LLM-Guided Automatic Population of Robot Ontology from URDF, by Bastien Dussard (LAAS-RIS and 3 other authors

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Abstract:While commonsense knowledge may suffice for virtual agents, embodied robots interacting with humans require grounded and semantically rich representations of both their environment and their own physical embodiment. In cognitive robotics, ontologies are effective for integrating such heterogeneous knowledge to enable explainable reasoning, even during continuous knowledge updates. Yet, their manual construction remains a bottleneck. We present a preliminary approach for the automatic generation of robot semantic abstractions by transforming Unified Robot Description Format (URDF) models into populated ontologies. Although URDF files provide structural and kinematic descriptions, their identifiers often require commonsense interpretation to recover meaningful semantics, a task at which Large Language Models (LLMs) excel. Our pipeline leverages LLMs to infer semantic relationships by prompting them with concepts from an existing ontology, ensuring the final classification remains aligned with the formal model. To improve reliability, the pipeline combines majority voting across multiple LLM queries along with syntactic and schema-level validation to ensure that generated outputs conform to the expected representation format and ontology constraints. We evaluate the approach on multiple robot descriptions and discuss the generated abstractions. Initial results indicate that the proposed method can effectively bridge the gap between low-level robot descriptions and the structured, grounded knowledge representations required for human-robot interaction.

Subjects:

Robotics (cs.RO); Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)

Cite as: arXiv:2606.17073 [cs.RO]

(or arXiv:2606.17073v1 [cs.RO] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2606.17073

arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite

Journal reference: 18th International Conference on Social Robotics (ICSR 2026), University of London, Jul 2026, Londres, United Kingdom

Submission history

From: Bastien Dussard [view email] [via CCSD proxy] [v1] Wed, 10 Jun 2026 08:08:37 UTC (38 KB)

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