Workload-Driven Optimization for On-Device Real-Time Subtitle Translation

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[Submitted on 10 Jul 2026]

Title:Workload-Driven Optimization for On-Device Real-Time Subtitle Translation

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Abstract:This report studies on-device English-to-Traditional-Chinese subtitle translation for Taiwan under short inputs, short outputs, batch-size-one inference, low latency, and privacy constraints. These conditions limit the value of optimizations designed for long-context or high-throughput language-model serving.

Starting from LMT-60-0.6B, preliminary profiling suggests that vocabulary projection becomes a more important decode-time cost after GGUF quantization reduces the relative cost of Transformer blocks. We replace the original 151k-token vocabulary with a 64k-token subtitle-domain tokenizer, migrate the embedding space, and adapt the model through embedding calibration followed by full supervised fine-tuning.

On a fixed 500-example subset of the OpenSubtitles2024 test set, the LocalSubs achieves a 59.2% tie-excluded win rate against Google Translate under GPT-4o pairwise judging. Performance is strongest on short cues and declines as cue length increases. Preliminary Apple M2 Metal measurements on a 64k-vocabulary model show a 1.63$\times$ speedup over a 151k-vocabulary profiling baseline. The raw benchmark configuration is incomplete, so the latency result is treated as preliminary.

Subjects:

Computation and Language (cs.CL); Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)

Cite as: arXiv:2607.09957 [cs.CL]

(or arXiv:2607.09957v1 [cs.CL] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2607.09957

arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

Submission history

From: Tsz-To Wong [view email] [v1] Fri, 10 Jul 2026 20:22:13 UTC (12 KB)

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