[2605.00300] Token Arena: A Continuous Benchmark Unifying Energy and Cognition in AI Inference
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Computer Science > Artificial Intelligence
arXiv:2605.00300 (cs)
[Submitted on 1 May 2026]
Title:Token Arena: A Continuous Benchmark Unifying Energy and Cognition in AI Inference
Authors:Yuxuan Gao, Megan Wang, Yi Ling Yu
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Abstract:Public inference benchmarks compare AI systems at the model and provider level, but the unit at which deployment decisions are actually made is the endpoint: the (provider, model, stock-keeping-unit) tuple at which a specific quantization, decoding strategy, region, and serving stack is exposed. We introduce TokenArena, a continuous benchmark that measures inference at endpoint granularity along five core axes (output speed, time to first token, workload-blended price, effective context, and quality on the live endpoint) and synthesizes them, together with a modeled energy estimate, into three headline composites: joules per correct answer, dollars per correct answer, and endpoint fidelity (output-distribution similarity to a first-party reference). The framework's novelty is empirical and methodological. Across 78 endpoints serving 12 model families, the same model on different endpoints differs in mean accuracy by up to 12.5 points on math and code, in fingerprint similarity to first party by up to 12 points, in tail latency by an order of magnitude, and in modeled joules per correct answer by a factor of 6.2. We further show that workload-aware blended pricing reorders the leaderboard substantially: 7 of 10 top-ranked endpoints under the chat preset (3:1 input:output) fall out of the top 10 under the retrieval-augmented preset (20:1), and the reasoning preset (1:5) elevates frontier closed models that the chat preset penalizes on price. We release the framework, schema, probe and eval harness, and a v1.0 leaderboard snapshot under CC BY 4.0. TokenArena is a methodology, not a single ranking; we publish full provenance and limitations and welcome external replication.
Comments: 14 pages, 1 figure, 8 tables
Subjects:
Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI); Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC); Machine Learning (cs.LG); Performance (cs.PF)
ACM classes: I.2.7; D.2.8
Cite as: arXiv:2605.00300 [cs.AI]
(or arXiv:2605.00300v1 [cs.AI] for this version)
https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2605.00300
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arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)
Submission history
From: Megan Wang [view email] [v1] Fri, 1 May 2026 00:05:54 UTC (2,143 KB)
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