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Tightly-Coupled Estimation and Guidance for Robust Low-Thrust Rendezvous via Adaptive Homotopy

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This paper proposes a tightly-coupled estimation and guidance architecture for minimum-fuel low-thrust rendezvous, where navigation confidence modulates the homotopy parameter. Using a Kalman filter with Multiple Tuning Factors (MTF), the method reduces terminal miss distance from hundreds of meters to sub-meter levels under severe measurement degradation.

SourcearXiv RoboticsAuthor: Batu Candan, Simone Servadio
Tightly-Coupled Estimation and Guidance for Robust Low-Thrust Rendezvous via Adaptive Homotopy
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[2605.04481] Tightly-Coupled Estimation and Guidance for Robust Low-Thrust Rendezvous via Adaptive Homotopy

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Computer Science > Robotics

arXiv:2605.04481 (cs)

[Submitted on 6 May 2026]

Title:Tightly-Coupled Estimation and Guidance for Robust Low-Thrust Rendezvous via Adaptive Homotopy

Authors:Batu Candan, Simone Servadio

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Abstract:Minimum-fuel low-thrust rendezvous guidance yields bang-bang control structures highly sensitive to estimation errors, sensor anomalies, and solver regularization, making aggressive closed-loop execution brittle for uncooperative proximity operations. This paper proposes a tightly-coupled estimation and guidance architecture where navigation confidence directly modulates the homotopy parameter of a receding-horizon indirect optimal control solver. Relative motion is modeled in the Clohessy-Wiltshire frame. The translational state is estimated via a linear Kalman filter augmented by a Multiple Tuning Factors (MTF) covariance inflation mechanism that suppresses suspicious innovation directions. A composite score from the normalized innovation and MTF activity is mapped online to the homotopy parameter, allowing the controller to relax toward a smoother, conservative regime when confidence degrades, and recover fuel-efficient bang-bang control as sensing improves. Numerical results under severe measurement degradation show fixed bang-bang guidance remains brittle; both plain-KF and MTF-KF fixed-epsilon controllers yield large terminal miss distances. Conversely, the proposed MTF-adaptive homotopy controller reduces terminal miss by roughly two orders of magnitude, from hundreds of meters to sub-meter levels, requiring only a moderate increase in control effort versus the open-loop fuel-optimal benchmark. A comparison indicates adaptive homotopy is the dominant robustness mechanism, while MTF provides additional accuracy and efficiency improvements. The receding-horizon implementation exhibits consistently fast and reliable solution times, supporting the practical online viability of the proposed method.

Subjects:

Robotics (cs.RO); Systems and Control (eess.SY)

Cite as: arXiv:2605.04481 [cs.RO]

(or arXiv:2605.04481v1 [cs.RO] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2605.04481

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arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

Submission history

From: Batu Candan [view email] [v1] Wed, 6 May 2026 04:17:21 UTC (4,503 KB)

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Key points and analysis

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Key points

  • Minimum-fuel low-thrust guidance is highly sensitive to estimation errors and sensor anomalies.
  • Proposed adaptive homotopy adjusts control conservatism based on navigation confidence.
  • Multiple Tuning Factors (MTF) enhance Kalman filter robustness.
  • Achieves sub-meter terminal accuracy with moderate fuel increase, suitable for online use.

Highlights and analysis are generated automatically and may contain errors. Check the original source.