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ProHiFlo: Hierarchical Flow Matching with Functional Guidance for De Novo Protein Generation

Summary

ProHiFlo is a novel hierarchical flow matching framework for de novo protein generation that employs coarse-to-fine generation, functional guidance via pretrained predictors, and an adaptive SE(3)-equivariant architecture. It achieves state-of-the-art performance with 4× fewer sampling steps and a 58.9% success rate on enzyme active site scaffolding, outperforming RFDiffusion (41.2%).

SourcearXiv Machine LearningAuthor: Chuanzhen Wang, Meade Cleti, Pete Jano
ProHiFlo: Hierarchical Flow Matching with Functional Guidance for De Novo Protein Generation
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[2606.11243] ProHiFlo: Hierarchical Flow Matching with Functional Guidance for De Novo Protein Generation

[Submitted on 3 Jun 2026]

Title:ProHiFlo: Hierarchical Flow Matching with Functional Guidance for De Novo Protein Generation

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Abstract:De novo protein generation has transformative potential in therapeutic design, enzyme engineering, and synthetic biology. While diffusion-based and flow matching approaches have achieved progress, they typically operate at single resolution and lack mechanisms for incorporating functional constraints. We introduce ProHiFlo, a hierarchical flow matching framework with three innovations: (1) coarse-to-fine generation that models backbone geometry before refining to all-atom coordinates, reducing computational cost while maintaining accuracy; (2) functional guidance leveraging pretrained predictors to steer generation toward desired properties without retraining; (3) adaptive SE(3)-equivariant architecture for efficient multi-scale processing. Experiments on unconditional generation, motif scaffolding, and functional design demonstrate state-ofthe-art performance while requiring 4 fewer sampling steps. On enzyme active site scaffolding, ProHiFlo achieves 58.9% success rate compared to 41.2% for RFDiffusion.

Comments: 23 pages

Subjects:

Machine Learning (cs.LG); Computation and Language (cs.CL)

Cite as: arXiv:2606.11243 [cs.LG]

(or arXiv:2606.11243v1 [cs.LG] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2606.11243

arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite

Submission history

From: Chuanzhen Wang [view email] [v1] Wed, 3 Jun 2026 09:11:28 UTC (12,237 KB)

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Key points

  • Coarse-to-fine generation models backbone geometry before refining to all-atom coordinates, reducing computational cost while maintaining accuracy.
  • Functional guidance uses pretrained predictors to steer generation toward desired properties without retraining.
  • Adaptive SE(3)-equivariant architecture enables efficient multi-scale processing with 4× fewer sampling steps.
  • On enzyme active site scaffolding, ProHiFlo achieves 58.9% success rate compared to 41.2% for RFDiffusion.

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