Mirror Horizon: Viable Path Entropy as a Measure of Bounded Reflection
Mirror Theory proposes that intelligent systems be evaluated by their capacity for coherent continuations under repeated reflection. Viable Path Entropy (VPE) operationalizes this as a finite-budget measure. Experiments on Qwen2.5 models show that increasing token budget expands verified reachability and VPE, with the smaller 1.5B model outperforming 3B at higher budgets, suggesting capability is not parameter count but accessible continuation capacity.
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[Submitted on 11 Jul 2026]
Title:Mirror Horizon: Viable Path Entropy as a Measure of Bounded Reflection
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Abstract:Mirror Theory proposes that an intelligent system should be studied not only by what it represents, but by what coherent continuations it can sustain under repeated reflection. We make this claim operational through \emph{viable path entropy} (VPE), a finite-budget measure of verified continuation capacity. Given a mirror state, a rollout protocol, a verifier, and a mode map, VPE decomposes bounded capability into two parts: the probability of reaching a viable continuation and the diversity of verified continuation modes reached among successful rollouts. This paper restores the full theoretical scaffold behind the measure: intuition as local underdetermining constraint, taste as invariant-selecting pressure, reflection as taste-guided resolution of underdetermination, and geometry as the learned structure that makes future reflection stable. We then instantiate the theory in language-model reasoning experiments on GSM8K. Across Qwen2.5-Instruct models, 32 sampled rollouts per problem, and two reflection horizons, increasing the token budget from 96 to 160 substantially expands verified reachability, reduces zero-reachability, increases verified-mode entropy, and improves smoothed VPE. At 160 tokens, Qwen2.5-1.5B realizes the strongest mirror horizon among the tested models, even though Qwen2.5-3B has more parameters. This shows that mirror horizon is not parameter count, but accessible verified continuation capacity under a bounded reflection protocol. The result supports Mirror Theory as a measure-level account: capability is the structure of viable continuations made reachable, not merely one-shot accuracy or pass@k.
Subjects:
Machine Learning (cs.LG)
Cite as: arXiv:2607.11937 [cs.LG]
(or arXiv:2607.11937v1 [cs.LG] for this version)
https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2607.11937
arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite
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From: Tiantian Zhang [view email] [v1] Sat, 11 Jul 2026 06:56:43 UTC (1,728 KB)
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