[Submitted on 9 Sep 2026]
Title:Larger Context Window, Fewer Overcorrections: Optimizing Prompts and Batching for Minimal-Edit Grammatical Error Correction
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Abstract:Minimal-edit Grammatical Error Correction (GEC) is a challenging task for zero- and few-shot prompted Large Language Models (LLMs), which systematically overcorrect and degrade $F_{0.5}$ by rewriting well-formed spans. While fine-tuning provides an effective solution, it imposes substantial infrastructure demands. We introduce a prompt-based approach that closes the gap to fine-tuned models through three advances in GEC prompting methodology. First, we introduce taxonomy-based instructions to enforce minimal-edit constraints with a comprehensive list of grammatical error rules, equipping the LLM with a bounded, metric-aligned scope of correctable edits, which benefits the strongest models while remaining model-dependent overall. Second, we show that batching multiple uncorrected sentences into a single input context acts as a targeted regularizer against overcorrection, systematically reducing the edit rate across diverse LLM families; we hypothesize this arises from attention dilution effect induced by the bounded capacity of self-attention scores. Finally, LLM-assisted Prompt Optimization refines these instructions. Powered by Gemini 3.1-Pro, our prompt achieves $F_{0.5}=78.32$ on the BEA-2019 test set - establishing a new prompt-based SOTA while shrinking the gap to the fine-tuned single-model SOTA (Staruch et al., 2025) to a mere $0.38$ points. Code, prompts, and outputs are publicly available.
Comments: Accepted for publication at EMNLP 2026 (Findings)
Subjects:
Computation and Language (cs.CL)
Cite as: arXiv:2609.10810 [cs.CL]
(or arXiv:2609.10810v1 [cs.CL] for this version)
https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2609.10810
arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)
Submission history
From: Artem Chernodub [view email] [v1] Wed, 9 Sep 2026 20:24:48 UTC (1,147 KB)
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