[Submitted on 24 Sep 2026]
Title:Just for FUNS: LLM-Guided Spatio-Temporal Graph Node Generation for Forecasting Unobserved Node States
View a PDF of the paper titled Just for FUNS: LLM-Guided Spatio-Temporal Graph Node Generation for Forecasting Unobserved Node States, by Shuhao Li and 6 other authors
View PDF HTML (experimental)
Abstract:Spatio-temporal forecasting is a cornerstone of logistics, urban planning, and intelligent transportation systems. However, constrained by deployment costs and maintenance resources, sensor networks often lack comprehensive spatial coverage, rendering Forecast Unobserved Node States (FUNS) a critical yet formidable challenge. Conventional models rely on historical observations and typically falter when encountering nodes without prior records. To address this, we redefine the problem as a conditional generation task on spatio-temporal graphs and propose GenST, a framework that introduces Large Language Models (LLMs) as a semantic bridge, leveraging a pre-trained LLM fine-tuned to extract rich semantic features from node descriptions, such as functional zones and road network structures, to compensate for missing spatio-temporal signals. Specifically, we design a two-stage generative architecture: a Spatio-Temporal VAE first compresses spatio-temporal dynamics into a latent space, followed by a Generative Transformer (GenT) that reconstructs the future states of unobserved nodes from noise, guided by multi-modal conditions including semantics, geographic coordinates, and neighborhood contexts. Experiments on six traffic and two non-traffic datasets show GenST significantly outperforms existing baselines in zero-shot prediction tasks, demonstrating the practical potential of semantic-guided generation for mitigating spatio-temporal data sparsity.
Subjects:
Machine Learning (cs.LG); Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI); Computation and Language (cs.CL); Machine Learning (stat.ML)
Cite as: arXiv:2610.08818 [cs.LG]
(or arXiv:2610.08818v1 [cs.LG] for this version)
https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2610.08818
arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)
Submission history
From: Shuhao Li [view email] [v1] Thu, 24 Sep 2026 04:38:54 UTC (1,148 KB)
Full-text links:
Access Paper:
View a PDF of the paper titled Just for FUNS: LLM-Guided Spatio-Temporal Graph Node Generation for Forecasting Unobserved Node States, by Shuhao Li and 6 other authors
View PDF
HTML (experimental)
TeX Source
view license
Additional Features
Audio Summary
Current browse context:
cs.LG
new | recent | 2026-10
Change to browse by:
cs cs.AI cs.CL stat stat.ML
References & Citations
NASA ADS
Google Scholar
Semantic Scholar
Loading...
Data provided by:
Bibliographic Tools
Bibliographic and Citation Tools
Bibliographic Explorer Toggle
Bibliographic Explorer (What is the Explorer?)
Connected Papers Toggle
Connected Papers (What is Connected Papers?)
Litmaps Toggle
Litmaps (What is Litmaps?)
scite.ai Toggle
scite Smart Citations (What are Smart Citations?)
Code, Data, Media
Code, Data and Media Associated with this Article
alphaXiv Toggle
alphaXiv (What is alphaXiv?)
Links to Code Toggle
CatalyzeX Code Finder for Papers (What is CatalyzeX?)
DagsHub Toggle
DagsHub (What is DagsHub?)
GotitPub Toggle
Gotit.pub (What is GotitPub?)
Huggingface Toggle
Hugging Face (What is Huggingface?)
ScienceCast Toggle
ScienceCast (What is ScienceCast?)
Demos
Demos
Replicate Toggle
Replicate (What is Replicate?)
Spaces Toggle
Hugging Face Spaces (What is Spaces?)
Spaces Toggle
TXYZ.AI (What is TXYZ.AI?)
Related Papers
Recommenders and Search Tools
Link to Influence Flower
Influence Flower (What are Influence Flowers?)
Core recommender toggle
CORE Recommender (What is CORE?)
IArxiv recommender toggle
IArxiv Recommender (What is IArxiv?)
Author
Venue
Institution
Topic
About arXivLabs
arXivLabs: experimental projects with community collaborators
arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website.
Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them.
Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs.
Which authors of this paper are endorsers? | Disable MathJax (What is MathJax?)