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Inverse kinematic solution for generic 3R positional robots using Conformal Geometric Algebra

Summary

This paper applies Conformal Geometric Algebra (CGA) to the inverse kinematics of generic 3R robots, reformulating the problem as the intersection of two circles to directly obtain a univariate polynomial in θ₂ without eliminating θ₁ and θ₃.

SourcearXiv RoboticsAuthor: Abhilash Nayak, Durgesh Haribhau Salunkhe
Inverse kinematic solution for generic 3R positional robots using Conformal Geometric Algebra
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[Submitted on 31 Aug 2026]

Title:Inverse kinematic solution for generic 3R positional robots using Conformal Geometric Algebra

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Abstract:The inverse kinematics of generic 3R robots has been investigated through multiple approaches, mainly algebraic methods involving the solution of certain equation sets. Previous geometric interpretations of the solution, characterized as the intersection of a pair of conics have been confined to the joint-space domain. In this article, we study the Inverse Kinematic Model (IKM) of 3R robots, using the advantages of Conformal Geometric Algebra (CGA) to provide further insights on its kinematic properties. Our approach directly yields a univariate polynomial in terms of theta_2 without the need to eliminate theta_1 and theta_3 by reframing the problem as the intersection of two circles, which are fundamental elements within this algebraic framework.

Subjects:

Robotics (cs.RO)

Cite as: arXiv:2609.00311 [cs.RO]

(or arXiv:2609.00311v1 [cs.RO] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2609.00311

arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

Journal reference: In: Holderbaum, W., Selig, J.M. (eds) Advances in the Mathematics of Robotics. IMA 2025. Springer Proceedings in Advanced Robotics, vol 39. Springer, Cham

Related DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-10510-3_8

DOI(s) linking to related resources

Submission history

From: Durgesh Haribhau Salunkhe [view email] [v1] Mon, 31 Aug 2026 20:01:15 UTC (10,934 KB)

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Key points and analysis

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Key points

  • Uses Conformal Geometric Algebra to solve the inverse kinematics of generic 3R robots by reframing it as the intersection of two circles.
  • Directly yields a univariate polynomial in θ₂, avoiding the need to eliminate θ₁ and θ₃ as in traditional algebraic methods.
  • Authored by Abhilash Nayak and one co-author, and published in Springer's Advances in the Mathematics of Robotics series.
  • Provides deeper geometric insight into kinematic properties, extending previous conic-intersection interpretations beyond joint-space.

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