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Emergent Autonomous Drifting for Collision Avoidance in Real-World Winter Driving Scenarios

Summary

This study investigates when drifting may be optimal for safety in real-world winter driving. The team presents a drift-capable nonlinear MPC controller tested in high-fidelity simulations based on crash fatality data. The controller naturally initiates drifting to stay on the road when hitting ice on the rear axle and to avoid an oncoming vehicle that slid into its lane. Compared to electronic stability control, the drift-capable controller trades stability for controllability, achieving lower median lane error at higher speeds.

SourcearXiv RoboticsAuthor: Elliot Weiss, Michael Thompson, Thomas Lew, John Subosits
Emergent Autonomous Drifting for Collision Avoidance in Real-World Winter Driving Scenarios
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[Submitted on 21 Jul 2026]

Title:Emergent Autonomous Drifting for Collision Avoidance in Real-World Winter Driving Scenarios

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Abstract:Real-world collision avoidance is a core motivation for studying the dynamics and control of high sideslip drifting in vehicles, yet the practical benefit of such maneuvers has so far primarily been tested in scenarios explicitly engineered to require drifting. In this work, we explore the question of if and when drifting may be optimal for safety in real-world winter driving conditions. We present a drift-capable nonlinear model predictive control (MPC) system designed to handle scenarios grounded in crash fatality data and deploy the controller in a high fidelity simulator across road departure and oncoming vehicle collision avoidance scenarios. The controller naturally initiates and sustains drifting maneuvers to stay on the road when hitting a patch of ice on the rear axle and to avoid an oncoming vehicle that has slid into its lane. Comparisons with a benchmark electronic stability control (ESC) system demonstrate how a drift-capable controller can trade off stability for controllability to precisely maneuver through dangerous winter driving scenarios. A Monte Carlo study over random ice patches further shows that the drift-capable controller achieves lower median lane error than ESC across several speeds, while revealing that drifting emerges predominantly at higher speeds.

Comments: 8 pages, 8 figures. Accepted at IEEE ITSC 2026

Subjects:

Robotics (cs.RO); Systems and Control (eess.SY)

Cite as: arXiv:2607.19484 [cs.RO]

(or arXiv:2607.19484v1 [cs.RO] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2607.19484

arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

Submission history

From: Elliot Weiss [view email] [v1] Tue, 21 Jul 2026 18:05:19 UTC (931 KB)

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Key points and analysis

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Key points

  • A drift-capable nonlinear MPC system is proposed for winter collision avoidance
  • The controller autonomously performs drifting maneuvers in simulated ice and oncoming vehicle scenarios
  • Compared to ESC, the drift controller better balances stability and controllability, reducing lane errors at high speeds
  • Drifting emerges primarily at higher speeds, offering new insights for autonomous winter driving

Highlights and analysis are generated automatically and may contain errors. Check the original source.