Data Provenance for Image Auto-Regressive Generation
This paper presents a post-hoc framework to detect characteristic patterns in images generated by image autoregressive models (IARs), enabling reliable tracing of generated images to their source model without modifying the generative process or outputs. It is applicable to already-published content without watermarks or models lacking watermark integration, aiding in misinformation prevention, fraud detection, and harmful content attribution. The method demonstrates effectiveness across various IARs and is accepted at ICLR 2026.
[2606.28386] Data Provenance for Image Auto-Regressive Generation
[Submitted on 22 Jun 2026]
Title:Data Provenance for Image Auto-Regressive Generation
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Abstract:Image autoregressive models (IARs) have recently demonstrated remarkable capabilities in visual content generation, achieving photorealistic quality and rapid synthesis through the next-token prediction paradigm adapted from large language models. As these models become widely accessible, robust data provenance is required to reliably trace IAR-generated images to the source model that synthesized them. This is critical to prevent the spread of misinformation, detect fraud, and attribute harmful content. We find that although IAR-generated images often appear visually identical to real images, their generation process introduces characteristic patterns in their outputs, which serves as a reliable provenance signal for the generated images. Leveraging this, we present a post-hoc framework that enables the robust detection of such patterns for provenance tracing. Notably, our framework does not require modifications of the generative process or outputs. Thereby, it is applicable in contexts where prior watermarking methods cannot be used, such as for generated content that is already published without additional marks and for models that do not integrate watermarking. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach across a wide range of IARs, highlighting its high potential for robust data provenance tracing in autoregressive image generation.
Comments: Accepted at ICLR 2026
Subjects:
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV); Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
Cite as: arXiv:2606.28386 [cs.CV]
(or arXiv:2606.28386v1 [cs.CV] for this version)
https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2606.28386
arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite
Submission history
From: Bihe Zhao [view email] [v1] Mon, 22 Jun 2026 17:06:05 UTC (862 KB)
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