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Collaborative In-Context Learning for Indoor Radio Map Estimation

Summary

This paper formulates indoor radio map estimation (RME) as a collaborative in-context learning (ICL) problem for the first time. It proposes Poly-Ripple, a framework where multiple clients perform ICL with large autoregressive vision models (LAVMs) without model updates, using ripple-ordered autoregressive modeling and importance-aware aggregation. Experiments on a public indoor RME benchmark show consistent improvements over representative ICL baselines, aligning with theoretical analysis.

SourcearXiv Machine LearningAuthor: Yuanzhe Peng, Jie Xu
Collaborative In-Context Learning for Indoor Radio Map Estimation
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[Submitted on 21 Oct 2026]

Title:Collaborative In-Context Learning for Indoor Radio Map Estimation

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Abstract:Indoor radio map estimation (RME) is essential for wireless applications such as coverage planning, localization, and network deployment. However, most existing methods follow a supervised learning paradigm that requires costly labeled data and task-specific model training. Moreover, indoor environments involve privacy-sensitive information, such as building layouts and structures, that often cannot be centralized. To address these challenges, we make the first attempt to formulate indoor RME as a collaborative in-context learning (ICL) problem. We propose Poly-Ripple, a framework in which multiple clients perform ICL using large autoregressive vision models (LAVMs) without model updates. Each client is prompted by its private demonstrations and predicts the radio map for the same scene query. To capture the causal structure of wireless propagation outward from the transmitter (Tx), we adopt ripple-ordered autoregressive modeling. We further introduce importance-aware aggregation to exploit heterogeneous contextual knowledge distributed across clients under the context length constraint. We provide theoretical analysis and conduct extensive experiments on a public indoor RME benchmark. The experimental results show that Poly-Ripple consistently outperforms representative ICL baselines, while aligning with our theoretical analysis.

Comments: Accepted as a regular paper at the 2026 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (IEEE BigData 2026)

Subjects:

Machine Learning (cs.LG); Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)

Cite as: arXiv:2610.31702 [cs.LG]

(or arXiv:2610.31702v1 [cs.LG] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2610.31702

arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite

Submission history

From: Yuanzhe Peng [view email] [v1] Wed, 21 Oct 2026 18:29:15 UTC (737 KB)

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Key points

  • First to formulate indoor RME as a collaborative ICL problem, avoiding costly labeled data and task-specific training.
  • Poly-Ripple enables multiple clients to perform ICL with LAVMs without model updates, each prompted by private demonstrations.
  • Ripple-ordered autoregressive modeling captures the causal structure of propagation from the transmitter, and importance-aware aggregation exploits heterogeneous contextual knowledge under context length constraints.
  • Consistently outperforms representative ICL baselines on a public indoor RME benchmark, matching theoretical analysis.

Highlights and analysis are generated automatically and may contain errors. Check the original source.