[Submitted on 13 Oct 2026]
Title:Can LLMs Access their World Knowledge for Event Prediction?
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Abstract:Recent work has questioned whether large language models (LLMs) can be useful for temporal event prediction. Despite vast pretrained world knowledge, LLMs often underperform simpler specialized models. We ask whether this knowledge is truly inaccessible, or whether current methods fail to present event prediction in a form LLMs can use. We argue for the latter and show that LLMs become effective event forecasters when the interface is designed around two choices. The first grounds each event in a natural-language description, and the second separates event semantics from the prediction space to prevent semantic bias from label associations. To test this, we introduce DescribeEvent, a benchmark of ~150K events across seven datasets and six domains with event-level descriptions. We find that capable LLMs substantially benefit from descriptions and symbolic labels, outperforming description-free variants and non-LLM baselines, while weaker models gain little. These results suggest that accessing LLM world knowledge for event prediction is an interface problem, and that event descriptions offer a practical way to elicit the knowledge LLMs already encode.
Comments: Accepted to Findings of EMNLP 2026
Subjects:
Computation and Language (cs.CL)
Cite as: arXiv:2610.19021 [cs.CL]
(or arXiv:2610.19021v1 [cs.CL] for this version)
https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2610.19021
arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite
Submission history
From: Zijun Wu [view email] [v1] Tue, 13 Oct 2026 18:14:05 UTC (281 KB)
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