[Submitted on 24 Jul 2026]
Title:A Replay-Constrained Simulation Framework for Personalization of Powered Knee--Ankle Prosthesis Controllers
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Abstract:Personalization of impedance controllers for powered prosthetic legs is critical to accommodating individual gait biomechanics but remains challenging. Existing methods rely on time-intensive human-in-the-loop exploration and/or constrain optimization to low-dimensional, single-joint parameter subspaces. Sim-to-real transfer has enabled high-dimensional locomotion control for legged robots, but in assistive device control the human partner remains un-modelable. We present a replay-constrained simulation framework: a MuJoCo-based simulator reproduces prosthetic knee-ankle dynamics while replaying recorded hip kinematics and feedback-based ground reaction forces from individual walking data, bypassing the need to model complex human neuromuscular control mechanisms. We demonstrate the framework with a deep reinforcement learning policy that personalizes phase-dependent stiffness, damping, and equilibrium angle at both joints simultaneously, maximizing a biomimicry-based reward computed solely from onboard prosthesis measurements. Experiments with three participants with transfemoral amputation during level-ground walking at 0.8~m/s demonstrate strong simulation-to-hardware predictive validity (Pearson $r=0.96$--$0.997$). The best-performing policy on hardware was consistently predicted within the top five simulation policies for all participants. The learned controllers improved overall biomimicry rewards by 42--59\% relative to the unpersonalized baseline. The framework supports scalable high-dimensional personalization of powered prosthetic legs and is amenable to extension to higher-dimensional controller parameterizations such as neural-network controllers.
Subjects:
Robotics (cs.RO)
Cite as: arXiv:2607.22858 [cs.RO]
(or arXiv:2607.22858v1 [cs.RO] for this version)
https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2607.22858
arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)
Submission history
From: Duong Le [view email] [v1] Fri, 24 Jul 2026 18:59:48 UTC (9,941 KB)
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