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A Capability-Aware Backup-Recoverability Filter for Heterogeneous Multi-Robot Navigation

Summary

The paper introduces CA-BRF, a filter that constructs a capability-dependent backup-recoverable set in shared Cartesian space and coordinates admissible interpolations between candidate and backup actions, preserving pairwise safety and guaranteeing recursive feasibility and safety even when nominal safety-constrained optimization becomes infeasible; validated in simulations with up to 30 heterogeneous robots and experiments across five kinematic classes.

SourcearXiv RoboticsAuthor: Joonkyung Kim, Yanze Zhang, Wenhao Luo, Yiwei Lyu
A Capability-Aware Backup-Recoverability Filter for Heterogeneous Multi-Robot Navigation
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[Submitted on 30 Oct 2026]

Title:A Capability-Aware Backup-Recoverability Filter for Heterogeneous Multi-Robot Navigation

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Abstract:Safe navigation in heterogeneous multi-robot teams faces two coupled challenges: differences in robots' braking and turning capabilities limit how each robot can respond to an approaching neighbor, while simultaneous interactions require a single control action to satisfy multiple collision-avoidance constraints. Together, these challenges can make local safety constraints incompatible with a robot's admissible controls, leaving a decentralized safety controller without a feasible action. We propose a Capability-Aware Backup-Recoverability Filter (CA-BRF), based on the insight that navigation actions should preserve access to a certified recovery maneuver. First, we construct a backup-recoverable set in a shared Cartesian operational space by evaluating whether prescribed backup maneuvers maintain pairwise safety until the robots come to rest. Each maneuver respects the corresponding robot's kinematic and actuation constraints, making the recovery certificate capability-dependent. Second, CA-BRF filters candidate controls by selecting admissible interpolations between candidate and backup actions while coordinating the selection across simultaneous interactions. This preserves backup recoverability while retaining as much of the candidate action as possible and ensures that all pairwise recovery conditions are satisfied by a single executable control for each robot. Together, we establish recursive feasibility and safety for the discrete-time closed-loop system even when the nominal safety-constrained optimization becomes infeasible. The validity and effectiveness of the proposed CA-BRF are validated in simulations with up to 30 heterogeneous robots and experiments of robots with five different kinematic classes.

Comments: 8 pages, 3 figures

Subjects:

Robotics (cs.RO)

Cite as: arXiv:2610.41188 [cs.RO]

(or arXiv:2610.41188v1 [cs.RO] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2610.41188

arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

Submission history

From: Joonkyung Kim [view email] [v1] Fri, 30 Oct 2026 03:11:02 UTC (1,727 KB)

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Key points and analysis

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Key points

  • CA-BRF ensures each robot retains access to a certified recovery maneuver whose certificate depends on that robot's braking and turning capabilities.
  • The filter selects admissible interpolations between candidate and backup actions while coordinating simultaneous interactions, retaining as much of the candidate action as possible.
  • Recursive feasibility and safety are established for the discrete-time closed-loop system even when the nominal safety-constrained optimization is infeasible.
  • Validity is shown in simulations with up to 30 heterogeneous robots and experiments with five different kinematic classes.

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