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[Submitted on 15 Sep 2026] Title:What You Can't See Is Still What You Learn: A Preregistered Sixty-Society Confirmation That Evidence Masking Drives Compositional Generalization View a PDF of the paper titled What You Can't See Is Still What You Learn: A Preregistered Sixty-Society Confirmation That Evidence Masking Drives Compositional Generalization, by Narcis Marincat View PDF HTML (experimental) Abstract:Restricting what a module can read may improve what a system learns to compute. We test this in a preregistered confirmation with sixty four-cell systems sharing a frozen language-model backbone and communicating through learned continuous packets. Five conditions vary evidence masking, ownership markers, and replacement of foreign evidence with neutral filler, across six initialization clusters, each with two data orders, on one fresh task world. With markers available in both regimes, masking improved accuracy on held-out two- and three-operation compositions by median paired differences of 0.846 and 0.859; all twelve pairs cleared the required margins, and the full preregistered behavioral criterion passed. The unmarked replication also passed. No globally visible system passed the marker-following check, so the effect of usable role information remains unresolved. The filler condition yielded seven full generalizers, but its decomposition criteria were inconclusive. Packet interventions in all eighteen audited masked systems followed the predicted intermediate-value changes on eligible cases; these finite, success-conditioned audits do not establish mediation. The results confirm a large advantage of the tested masking regime, while leaving its finer attribution and generality open. Protocols, results, and checkpoints are public. Comments: 16 pages, 2 figures, 5 tables. Preregistered fresh-world confirmation of arXiv:2608.20054; related companion study: arXiv:2609.11365 Subjects: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI); Machine Learning (cs.LG) Cite as: arXiv:2609.17637 [cs.AI] (or arXiv:2609.17637v1 [cs.AI] for this version) https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2609.17637 arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration) Submission history From: Narcis Marincat [view email] [v1] Tue, 15 Sep 2026 12:40:45 UTC (38 KB) Full-text links: Access Paper: View a PDF of the paper titled What You Can't See Is Still What You Learn: A Preregistered Sixty-Society Confirmation That Evidence Masking Drives Compositional Generalization, by Narcis Marincat View PDF HTML (experimental) TeX Source view license Current browse context: cs.AI new | recent | 2026-09 Change to browse by: cs cs.LG References & Citations NASA ADS Google Scholar Semantic Scholar Loading... Data provided by: Bibliographic Tools Bibliographic and Citation Tools Bibliographic Explorer Toggle Bibliographic Explorer (What is the Explorer?) Connected Papers Toggle Connected Papers (What is Connected Papers?) Litmaps Toggle Litmaps (What is Litmaps?) scite.ai Toggle scite Smart Citations (What are Smart Citations?) Code, Data, Media Code, Data and Media Associated with this Article alphaXiv Toggle alphaXiv (What is alphaXiv?) Links to Code Toggle CatalyzeX Code Finder for Papers (What is CatalyzeX?) DagsHub Toggle DagsHub (What is DagsHub?) GotitPub Toggle Gotit.pub (What is GotitPub?) Huggingface Toggle Hugging Face (What is Huggingface?) ScienceCast Toggle ScienceCast (What is ScienceCast?) Demos Demos Replicate Toggle Replicate (What is Replicate?) Spaces Toggle Hugging Face Spaces (What is Spaces?) Spaces Toggle TXYZ.AI (What is TXYZ.AI?) Related Papers Recommenders and Search Tools Link to Influence Flower Influence Flower (What are Influence Flowers?) Core recommender toggle CORE Recommender (What is CORE?) Author Venue Institution Topic About arXivLabs arXivLabs: experimental projects with community collaborators arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website. Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them. Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs. Which authors of this paper are endorsers? | Disable MathJax (What is MathJax?)