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[Submitted on 7 Jul 2026] Title:Token Merging for Multilingual Speech Recognition: A Systematic Study Across Model Scale and Fine-Tuning View a PDF of the paper titled Token Merging for Multilingual Speech Recognition: A Systematic Study Across Model Scale and Fine-Tuning, by Dylan Luke Holyoak View PDF HTML (experimental) Abstract:Leading multilingual speech recognition models like Whisper transcribe diverse, low-resource languages without language-specific training but are computationally expensive to deploy. Token merging mitigates this inefficiency by dynamically combining redundant features, shortening the sequence length during inference without requiring retraining. In this paper, we systematically evaluate token merging on the Whisper model family across sixteen diverse languages and three different model sizes. We also test how token merging interacts with fine-tuning (DoRA) on low-resource languages. Our findings show that merging tokens increases computational efficiency with almost no loss in transcription accuracy across most low-resource languages and model sizes, and it works even after the model has been fine-tuned. Our results demonstrate that token merging is a highly practical method for making multilingual speech recognition faster and cheaper to deploy. Comments: 11 pages, 3 figures Subjects: Computation and Language (cs.CL) Cite as: arXiv:2609.13151 [cs.CL] (or arXiv:2609.13151v1 [cs.CL] for this version) https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2609.13151 arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite Submission history From: Dylan Holyoak [view email] [v1] Tue, 7 Jul 2026 05:03:04 UTC (82 KB) Full-text links: Access Paper: View a PDF of the paper titled Token Merging for Multilingual Speech Recognition: A Systematic Study Across Model Scale and Fine-Tuning, by Dylan Luke Holyoak View PDF HTML (experimental) TeX Source view license Current browse context: cs.CL new | recent | 2026-09 Change to browse by: cs References & Citations NASA ADS Google Scholar Semantic Scholar Loading... Data provided by: Bibliographic Tools Bibliographic and Citation Tools Bibliographic Explorer Toggle Bibliographic Explorer (What is the Explorer?) Connected Papers Toggle Connected Papers (What is Connected Papers?) Litmaps Toggle Litmaps (What is Litmaps?) scite.ai Toggle scite Smart Citations (What are Smart Citations?) Code, Data, Media Code, Data and Media Associated with this Article alphaXiv Toggle alphaXiv (What is alphaXiv?) Links to Code Toggle CatalyzeX Code Finder for Papers (What is CatalyzeX?) DagsHub Toggle DagsHub (What is DagsHub?) GotitPub Toggle Gotit.pub (What is GotitPub?) Huggingface Toggle Hugging Face (What is Huggingface?) ScienceCast Toggle ScienceCast (What is ScienceCast?) Demos Demos Replicate Toggle Replicate (What is Replicate?) Spaces Toggle Hugging Face Spaces (What is Spaces?) Spaces Toggle TXYZ.AI (What is TXYZ.AI?) Related Papers Recommenders and Search Tools Link to Influence Flower Influence Flower (What are Influence Flowers?) Core recommender toggle CORE Recommender (What is CORE?) Author Venue Institution Topic About arXivLabs arXivLabs: experimental projects with community collaborators arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website. Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them. Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs. Which authors of this paper are endorsers? | Disable MathJax (What is MathJax?)