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--> [Submitted on 10 Aug 2026] Title:P3CA: Encoder-Agnostic Interpretation of Vision Foundation Model Embeddings via Spatial Probing View a PDF of the paper titled P3CA: Encoder-Agnostic Interpretation of Vision Foundation Model Embeddings via Spatial Probing, by Amoon Jamzad and 4 other authors View PDF HTML (experimental) Abstract:Vision foundation models are increasingly used as reusable encoders in medical image computing, yet their high-dimensional spatial embeddings are difficult to inspect beyond downstream task performance or global dimensionality reduction. We propose position-prompted PCA (P3CA), an encoder-agnostic method for local probing of channel-rich spatial tensors. Given a user-selected spatial prompt, P3CA estimates the feature normalization and dominant covariance directions within that region, then applies the resulting projection to the full tensor to visualize where locally informative directions are expressed. This produces a region-conditioned representation lens without modifying the encoder, retraining, or requiring task-specific labels. We implement P3CA in EmbedVision, an interactive 3D Slicer-based workflow, and evaluate it across natural images, colorectal pathology foundation-model embeddings, and spatial transcriptomic tensors. Across these settings, prompted projections reveal local structure suppressed by global PCA, improve prompt-matched pathology discrimination from frozen three-dimensional projections, and support comparison between learned and measured spatial representations. Comments: 10 pages, 5 figures, 1 table. Accepted at the iMIMIC Workshop, MICCAI 2026. This arXiv version is the pre-peer-review author manuscript Subjects: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV); Machine Learning (cs.LG) Cite as: arXiv:2608.10131 [cs.CV] (or arXiv:2608.10131v1 [cs.CV] for this version) https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2608.10131 arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration) Submission history From: Amoon Jamzad [view email] [v1] Mon, 10 Aug 2026 18:42:38 UTC (11,665 KB) Full-text links: Access Paper: View a PDF of the paper titled P3CA: Encoder-Agnostic Interpretation of Vision Foundation Model Embeddings via Spatial Probing, by Amoon Jamzad and 4 other authors View PDF HTML (experimental) TeX Source view license Current browse context: cs.CV new | recent | 2026-08 Change to browse by: cs cs.LG References & Citations NASA ADS Google Scholar Semantic Scholar Loading... Data provided by: Bibliographic Tools Bibliographic and Citation Tools Bibliographic Explorer Toggle Bibliographic Explorer (What is the Explorer?) Connected Papers Toggle Connected Papers (What is Connected Papers?) Litmaps Toggle Litmaps (What is Litmaps?) scite.ai Toggle scite Smart Citations (What are Smart Citations?) Code, Data, Media Code, Data and Media Associated with this Article alphaXiv Toggle alphaXiv (What is alphaXiv?) Links to Code Toggle CatalyzeX Code Finder for Papers (What is CatalyzeX?) DagsHub Toggle DagsHub (What is DagsHub?) GotitPub Toggle Gotit.pub (What is GotitPub?) Huggingface Toggle Hugging Face (What is Huggingface?) ScienceCast Toggle ScienceCast (What is ScienceCast?) Demos Demos Replicate Toggle Replicate (What is Replicate?) Spaces Toggle Hugging Face Spaces (What is Spaces?) Spaces Toggle TXYZ.AI (What is TXYZ.AI?) Related Papers Recommenders and Search Tools Link to Influence Flower Influence Flower (What are Influence Flowers?) Core recommender toggle CORE Recommender (What is CORE?) Author Venue Institution Topic About arXivLabs arXivLabs: experimental projects with community collaborators arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website. Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them. Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs. Which authors of this paper are endorsers? | Disable MathJax (What is MathJax?)