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[Submitted on 8 Jul 2026] Title:Lexical Prompt Compression for Large Language Models: A Training-Free, Deterministic Pipeline with Empirical Pareto Analysis Across Eleven Task Categories View a PDF of the paper titled Lexical Prompt Compression for Large Language Models: A Training-Free, Deterministic Pipeline with Empirical Pareto Analysis Across Eleven Task Categories, by Shamin Chokshi View PDF Abstract:Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have made prompts increasingly large and complex. Techniques such as chain-of-thought reasoning (Wei et al., 2022) and in-context learning (Brown et al., 2020) frequently push real-world prompts past several thousand tokens, increasing inference cost and latency. Learned compression methods such as LLMLingua (Jiang et al., 2023) and Selective Context (Li et al., 2023) achieve high compression ratios but require auxiliary language models and are non-deterministic. We ask a complementary question: how far can a training-free, fully deterministic, CPU-only pipeline based on classical lexical NLP be pushed before output quality degrades significantly? Eleven toggleable lexical transformations - stopword removal, filler-phrase deletion, contraction and abbreviation substitution, part-of-speech-based pruning, lemmatization, WordNet-driven synonym shortening, and named-entity preservation - are assembled into a configurable pipeline. Fifteen configurations are evaluated on 1,242 English-only prompts from six sources (Dolly-15k, LMSYS-Chat-1M, WildChat-1M, MMLU, GSM8K, HellaSwag), spanning eleven automatically derived task categories, yielding 18,630 paired GPT-4o-mini completions. Output preservation is measured using BLEU, ROUGE-1/2/L, BERTScore-F1, and SentenceBERT cosine similarity. The most aggressive configuration achieves a mean token reduction of 40.3% (sigma = 9.2) at a BERTScore-F1 of 0.876 against the original-prompt output; a stopword-only configuration achieves 29.6% reduction at 0.913. The compression-versus-fidelity Pareto frontier is characterized per task category, with commonsense reasoning a systematic failure mode under aggressive compression. All code, prompts, and per-cell results are released for reproducibility. Comments: the paper is 27 pages with 10 figures and 4 tables. Code and data for the experiments: this https URL. Python package (pip install less-tokens): this https URL Subjects: Computation and Language (cs.CL) Cite as: arXiv:2609.13154 [cs.CL] (or arXiv:2609.13154v1 [cs.CL] for this version) https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2609.13154 arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite Submission history From: Shamin Chokshi [view email] [v1] Wed, 8 Jul 2026 17:21:42 UTC (10,254 KB) Full-text links: Access Paper: View a PDF of the paper titled Lexical Prompt Compression for Large Language Models: A Training-Free, Deterministic Pipeline with Empirical Pareto Analysis Across Eleven Task Categories, by Shamin Chokshi View PDF view license Current browse context: cs.CL new | recent | 2026-09 Change to browse by: cs References & Citations NASA ADS Google Scholar Semantic Scholar Loading... Data provided by: Bibliographic Tools Bibliographic and Citation Tools Bibliographic Explorer Toggle Bibliographic Explorer (What is the Explorer?) Connected Papers Toggle Connected Papers (What is Connected Papers?) Litmaps Toggle Litmaps (What is Litmaps?) scite.ai Toggle scite Smart Citations (What are Smart Citations?) Code, Data, Media Code, Data and Media Associated with this Article alphaXiv Toggle alphaXiv (What is alphaXiv?) Links to Code Toggle CatalyzeX Code Finder for Papers (What is CatalyzeX?) DagsHub Toggle DagsHub (What is DagsHub?) GotitPub Toggle Gotit.pub (What is GotitPub?) Huggingface Toggle Hugging Face (What is Huggingface?) ScienceCast Toggle ScienceCast (What is ScienceCast?) Demos Demos Replicate Toggle Replicate (What is Replicate?) Spaces Toggle Hugging Face Spaces (What is Spaces?) Spaces Toggle TXYZ.AI (What is TXYZ.AI?) Related Papers Recommenders and Search Tools Link to Influence Flower Influence Flower (What are Influence Flowers?) Core recommender toggle CORE Recommender (What is CORE?) Author Venue Institution Topic About arXivLabs arXivLabs: experimental projects with community collaborators arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website. Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them. Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs. Which authors of this paper are endorsers? | Disable MathJax (What is MathJax?)