AI サービスが一時的に利用できないため、復旧後に翻訳を補完します。ソース概要：arXiv:2610.19154v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Field pea has gained interest in the Midwest U.S. and has the potential to benefit Iowa cropping systems. This study evaluated 17 accessions and 7 Canadian varieties for agronomic and seed yield performance. This study found that PI accession trials exhibit genetic diversity in phenology and canopy traits, whereas the Canadian elite varieties demonstrated great yield potential under Iowa conditions. The accession genotypes matured between 75 DAP (late June) and 95 DAP (late July) across six site-years. The top-yielding Canadian varieties averaged 1961 kg/ha across two site-years. To comprehensively assess field pea performance, this study extracted time-series Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)-derived trait…

AI サービスが一時的に利用できないため、復旧後に翻訳を補完します。ソース概要：arXiv:2610.19108v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have been widely applied in embodied agents and robotics for vision tasks. However, MLLMs suffer from limitations in spatial reasoning and perception. Post-training techniques have shown promise for improving these capabilities; yet, there are limited data-driven surveys of such approaches. In this survey, we consider approaches to fine-tuning pretrained MLLMs for spatial reasoning tasks, ranging from supervised to reinforcement learning, with an emphasis on the datasets used. We investigate themes of dataset construction, data modality and annotation, and evaluation of the resulting models. Based on these themes, we categorize research into three groups: datase…

AI サービスが一時的に利用できないため、復旧後に翻訳を補完します。ソース概要：arXiv:2610.19102v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Aerial and remote sensing video is increasingly evaluated like web video, by posing multiple-choice questions to multimodal large language models (MLLMs) over sampled frames and reporting accuracy. This paper argues that this recipe measures the wrong aspect, and supports the claim with a convergent meta-analysis of a broad set of published results, organized in four evidence tiers, in which a claim becomes a position only when collected evidence agrees. Parameter scale exhibits a median of +3.4 accuracy points per tenfold increase on aerial benchmarks, far below a human gap of at least 19 points, whereas acquisition conditions control perception, as 315 of 318 evaluations in 19 within-paper contrasts…

AI サービスが一時的に利用できないため、復旧後に翻訳を補完します。ソース概要：arXiv:2610.19071v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Monocular 3D object detection methods increasingly rely on depth-guided transformers, but they operate entirely in the perspective image plane where spatial relationships are distorted by foreshortening. We propose MonoMIP, a dual-decoder framework that adds complementary 3D geometric reasoning through Bird's-Eye View (BEV) features constructed via Multi-Height Inverse Perspective Mapping. We perform IPM at K elevation planes spanning ground to rooftop, producing an ordered stack of height-conditioned metric BEV features that reduces above-ground misprojection and exposes depth-dependent appearance variation across planes. A BEV decoder with multi-scale deformable attention aggregates this multi-height…

AI サービスが一時的に利用できないため、復旧後に翻訳を補完します。ソース概要：arXiv:2610.19063v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: As video models enable longer and more realistic interactive experiences, maintaining a world consistent with its history becomes essential. This requires both preserving previously observed content and ensuring coherent world evolution over time. World memory is a critical capability to evaluate alongside visual fidelity and video duration. We introduce WorldMemBench, a benchmark for systematically evaluating world memory in video world models. Across 260 test cases, it assesses static memory through the retention of human identity and appearance, object appearance and geometry, and environmental content and geometry, and dynamic memory through event progression and state persistence. Using controlled…

AI サービスが一時的に利用できないため、復旧後に翻訳を補完します。ソース概要：arXiv:2610.19052v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Video-based remote physiological measurement (RPM) has broad applications, while Vision-Language Models (VLMs) provide a promising opportunity to enable end-to-end physiological monitoring for future human-aware intelligent systems. However, existing RPM methods rely on task-specific models and cannot be seamlessly integrated with the multimodal understanding and interaction capabilities of VLMs. We revisit RPM with VLMs and provide empirical evidence for two major bottlenecks: generic visual semantic representations fail to preserve fine-grained physiological cues; while discrete token prediction in autoregressive generation is inherently misaligned with continuous numerical measurement. To address th…

AI サービスが一時的に利用できないため、復旧後に翻訳を補完します。ソース概要：arXiv:2610.19025v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Modern image generation largely relies on specialized generative models that leave the process of image construction implicit in learned parameters. We explore an alternative: general-purpose coding agents that construct images through executable programs. Our study of zero-shot drawing on AgentDrawBench, a 200-prompt benchmark, reveals a distinctive capability profile. Agents excel at preserving structure and satisfying precise visual constraints, achieving competitive results in domains where compositional accuracy matters more than photorealistic appearance, while remaining limited in perceptual richness. Their visual expressiveness varies with the drawing interface, and a qualitative study on recon…

AI サービスが一時的に利用できないため、復旧後に翻訳を補完します。ソース概要：arXiv:2610.19007v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: World models are a powerful means of reasoning and planning, but many of these action-conditioned predictive models are high dimensional and computationally expensive. These challenges limit the number of action candidates that can be evaluated by a planner. We show that this cost is avoidable for planners over short horizons, which only require local information with respect to the current state. For a fixed state, the frames reachable by varying a low-dimensional action (a camera movement or an end-effector command) lie on a low-dimensional manifold. We estimate the local shape of that manifold directly via a network trained to estimate how each image region moves per unit of each action axis supervi…

AI サービスが一時的に利用できないため、復旧後に翻訳を補完します。ソース概要：arXiv:2610.19134v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Feature distillation is usually expected to add to logit distillation. We find that this expectation does not hold for two common feature losses in compact multilingual automatic speech recognition (ASR), and analyze why through their gradients. The gradient of a projection-based loss is orthogonal to the task gradient, while that of Centered Kernel Alignment (CKA), a similarity-based loss, is weakly aligned with it. CKA lowers the word error rate (WER) on non-English languages, but at the expense of data-rich English. Three loss-level remedies (one trained, two probed) all fall short, and the CKA gradient overlaps with the subspace English uses in the shared encoder by 97.5% to 99.5% (about 81% by cha…

AI サービスが一時的に利用できないため、復旧後に翻訳を補完します。ソース概要：arXiv:2610.19118v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Emerging decision models such as JEV provide typed interfaces that map task instructions and observations directly to choices, judgments, and scores. As these models are increasingly used for automated decision-making, understanding their reliability under adversarial manipulation becomes critical. We introduce DecisionRobust, a benchmark for systematically evaluating the robustness of decision models across textual and visual inputs. Our benchmark covers practical decision-making scenarios and a diverse suite of attacks, including semantics-preserving text perturbations, image perturbations, and prompt injection in both modalities. We curate evaluation sets through external validity checks and cross-m…

AI サービスが一時的に利用できないため、復旧後に翻訳を補完します。ソース概要：arXiv:2610.19113v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In-context learning (ICL) allows language models to adapt their behavior from instructions and demonstrations in a prompt, but accuracy alone does not reveal how contextual information controls their predictions. We study the acquisition and trainability of ICL with a controlled diagnostic that separates copying a nearby demonstration from integrating information across the prompt. Across 17 models, about a third prefer the copied answer, a few are undecided, and the rest prefer the rule-consistent answer, which goes with higher accuracy and with control by the requested value rather than the closest conflicting example. Checkpoint analyses show that models begin prioritizing task-relevant prompt token…

AI サービスが一時的に利用できないため、復旧後に翻訳を補完します。ソース概要：arXiv:2610.19095v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Chatbot Arena ranks language models with the Bradley-Terry model, which gives each model one score and so assumes Luce's choice axiom. Choice theory predicts where this fails: near-copies are told apart more decisively than their scores imply. On 1.8 million Arena votes, votes between versions of one model are 1.37 times as decisive as Bradley-Terry predicts, between sizes of one generation 1.26 times and between models of one lab 1.12 times; a release a year later gives consistent multipliers, and the effect survives alternative tie treatments, prompt subsets and topics, and timing checks. How alike two models' answers are worded and formatted tracks the effect. A correction with four to six parameter…

AI サービスが一時的に利用できないため、復旧後に翻訳を補完します。ソース概要：arXiv:2610.19048v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Record linkage and demographic inference from names are routine demands in social science. Most approaches to these problems require labeled training data that are difficult or costly to acquire. I show that pre-trained language models perform both tasks accurately without requiring task-specific training. For record linkage, I introduce EnsembleLink, an algorithm that uses pre-trained embeddings alongside string-based scorers to retrieve a short list of candidates and then identify the likeliest matches. EnsembleLink matches or exceeds the performance of most prior approaches while generalizing across scripts and formats that those methods are unable to handle. For ethnicity inference from names, I sh…

AI サービスが一時的に利用できないため、復旧後に翻訳を補完します。ソース概要：arXiv:2610.19028v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Science fiction is widely credited with unsettling gender. This article asks whether that holds at the linguistic level, in how readily gendered reference gives way to its counterpart, a neutral term, or other social category, and whether it separates the genre from general fiction. It does so by masking man/men, woman/women, and person/people across same-period science fiction and general fiction corpora and classifying RoBERTa's five likeliest substitutes by gender. Retention and displacement are permutation-tested over five resampling rounds, and the underlying sentences are read closely. Both corpora cross the gender binary in both directions, but unequally: where woman is masked, the model predict…

AI サービスが一時的に利用できないため、復旧後に翻訳を補完します。ソース概要：arXiv:2610.19026v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Sparse attention reduces the KV-cache traffic that dominates long-context LLM decoding, but practical methods largely operate at coarse granularity. Token-level selection offers finer control, yet presents two challenges: low-dimensional scoring may lose query--key structure needed for accurate ranking, while gathering scattered selected tokens can offset the resulting latency benefit. We introduce Joint Subspace Sparse Attention (JSSA) to address both challenges. For selection quality, JSSA learns a shared low-dimensional query--key subspace by minimizing token-score preservation error. We upper-bound the resulting non-convex objective with a tractable marginal objective that admits a closed-form spec…

AI サービスが一時的に利用できないため、復旧後に翻訳を補完します。ソース概要：arXiv:2610.19021v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent work has questioned whether large language models (LLMs) can be useful for temporal event prediction. Despite vast pretrained world knowledge, LLMs often underperform simpler specialized models. We ask whether this knowledge is truly inaccessible, or whether current methods fail to present event prediction in a form LLMs can use. We argue for the latter and show that LLMs become effective event forecasters when the interface is designed around two choices. The first grounds each event in a natural-language description, and the second separates event semantics from the prediction space to prevent semantic bias from label associations. To test this, we introduce DescribeEvent, a benchmark of ~150K…

AI サービスが一時的に利用できないため、復旧後に翻訳を補完します。ソース概要：arXiv:2610.19003v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Abstractive summarization remains challenging across languages, where linguistic quality and factual consistency may diverge, particularly in low-resource settings. We present a standardized zero-shot benchmark of eight closed-source and open-weight LLMs on size-matched English and Bengali XL-Sum test sets. Our evaluation combines lexical and semantic metrics with reference-free factuality verification and multidimensional LLM-as-a-Judge assessment, providing a comprehensive analysis of both surface-level quality and factual reliability in multilingual summarization. Results reveal substantial cross-lingual variation: GPT-5.6 Luna leads several English lexical metrics but does not maintain the same adv…

AI サービスが一時的に利用できないため、復旧後に翻訳を補完します。ソース概要：arXiv:2610.18881v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Voice agents built on large language models (LLMs) now handle customer calls, but in regulated applications completing the task is not enough: the agent must follow a conversational flow set by law. In debt collection, it must confirm it is speaking to the debtor before mentioning the debt, identify itself and the creditor, state the amount, and avoid prohibited language. Every creditor turns these rules into its own procedure and revises it. We ask whether a small, self-hosted policy can be trained once and then follow regulated procedures it has never seen. One machine-readable specification per deployment, FlowSpec, generates the policy instruction, gates the tools, supplies the supervision and defi…

AI サービスが一時的に利用できないため、復旧後に翻訳を補完します。ソース概要：arXiv:2610.19033v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) applies every rank-one component of its update to every token, and mixture-of-experts variants replace this with a learned router that activates a fixed number of components. We argue that the number of components a token needs is a detection question with a classical answer. A token's responses to the rank-one components of a trained LoRA consist of a few large values on a Gaussian noise floor whose width matches that of an untrained adapter, and the floor carries cross-talk rather than adaptation. We introduce SQUELCH, a router-free mixture of rank-one experts that (i) soft-thresholds each token's responses at a multiple of its own robust noise level, so the active rank var…

AI サービスが一時的に利用できないため、復旧後に翻訳を補完します。ソース概要：arXiv:2610.19016v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Regret matching (and its variants) and counterfactual regret minimization are central algorithms in practice for normal-form and extensive-form game solving. Yet these have historically lacked the stronger theoretical convergence guarantees available to optimistic and extra-gradient methods. Recent work introduced IREG-PRM+, a regret matching variant which does have strong theoretical convergence guarantees. However, it relies on a simultaneous, extra-gradient update. IREG-PRM+ is an instance of the more general IR-PRM framework, where empirically optimistic and alternating updates often have better performance. However, the prior extra-gradient analysis does not extend to these cases. We introduce a n…

AI サービスが一時的に利用できないため、復旧後に翻訳を補完します。ソース概要：arXiv:2610.19015v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Real measurements are too limited to train an accurate indoor pathloss predictor that works across a wide range of buildings. Large-scale synthetic pretraining offers a way forward, but real building layouts are also scarce, and accurate ray-tracing simulators are slow, expensive, and often proprietary. We address both problems by introducing a generator that automatically creates diverse indoor layouts and a fast, open-source approximate ray tracer that computes radio maps for them. Using this pipeline, we generate 128M synthetic samples, pretrain ResNet-101 and Swin-T encoder-decoders, and fine-tune them on high-quality benchmark data. Despite simulator mismatch, our ResNet-101 model reduces error by…

AI サービスが一時的に利用できないため、復旧後に翻訳を補完します。ソース概要：arXiv:2610.19013v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Current scaling law formulations suggest that increasing the number of unique samples in a dataset improves model performance, while repeated exposure to the same samples provides diminishing value. In this work, we examine this assumption for image self-distillation models. Through systematic experiments across diverse datasets, namely Maxar, SATLAS, Waymo, nuPlan, Ego4D, ImageNet, and YFCC15M, we demonstrate that the effects of sample repetition on downstream performance are non-trivial and dataset-dependent. We identify settings where repeatedly training on a smaller random subset can outperform training on a larger set of unique samples. This finding highlights a limitation of existing scaling laws…

AI サービスが一時的に利用できないため、復旧後に翻訳を補完します。ソース概要：arXiv:2610.19011v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The Practical Molecular Optimization (PMO) benchmark standardized evaluation in molecular optimization, but it is built on simple property-based oracles that do not capture structure-based drug design. As the field has moved to docking-based objectives, evaluation practice has become unstandardized, and different methods report results on different docking tasks, often without a shared protocol for fair comparison or sample-efficiency constraints. To address this, we introduce Practical Molecular Optimization for Docking (PMO-Dock), a benchmark and protocol for docking-based optimization consisting of 25 tasks covering hit generation, lead optimization, and a new specificity task requiring strong on-ta…

AI サービスが一時的に利用できないため、復旧後に翻訳を補完します。ソース概要：arXiv:2610.18883v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Token-selection methods for on-policy distillation (OPD) prioritize student-visited positions using diverse signals, including uncertainty, teacher-student disagreement, and mismatch direction. We instead derive token importance from the distillation objective itself: how much can each position's loss decrease under an equal local KL budget on the student's predictive distribution? The answer is the utility $s_t=g_t^\top F_t^\dagger g_t$, where $g_t$ is the logit gradient and $F_t$ is the categorical Fisher matrix. For reverse-KL it equals the student-weighted variance of the student-teacher log-probability ratio, and for forward-KL it equals the Pearson $\chi^2$ divergence, so the appropriate utility…

AI サービスが一時的に利用できないため、復旧後に翻訳を補完します。ソース概要：arXiv:2610.18880v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: High-throughput perturbation screens increasingly use machine-learning models to predict the effects of gene combinations that were never measured. A difficult case arises when both genes in a test pair were seen individually during training, but their combination was not. In this setting, standard OOD methods often fail because neither gene appears unfamiliar on its own. We therefore compare each model prediction with a simple additive prediction obtained by summing the two observed single-gene effects. The difference between them, which we call additive disagreement (AD), measures how much extra interaction effect the model introduces for an unseen combination. Across eight prediction methods and thr…

AI サービスが一時的に利用できないため、復旧後に翻訳を補完します。ソース概要：arXiv:2610.18879v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Protein function annotation operates over an expanding label space, making class-incremental learning (CIL) a natural framework for incorporating newly discovered functions without full retraining. Yet existing CIL methods have been developed largely in vision and have not been systematically evaluated over frozen protein representations. We conduct a controlled benchmark of nine representative CIL methods across five sequence-, structure-, and sequence--structure-based protein encoders and two enzyme function datasets at different scales, while keeping the encoders frozen and evaluation settings consistent across representations. We find that no method transfers reliably across encoders, and that thes…

AI サービスが一時的に利用できないため、復旧後に翻訳を補完します。ソース概要：arXiv:2610.18878v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Post-training reasoning LLMs often requires making a tradeoff between costly supervision and compute inefficiency: supervised finetuning typically requires reasoning traces, which is data inefficient since in many applications one only has prompt-answer tuples and lacks the groundtruth chain-of-thought (CoT) sequence. On the other hand, reinforcement learning (with verifiable rewards, for example) can operate without CoT data but it is much more compute-inefficient since it requires multiple autoregressive completions per optimization step, none of which are guaranteed to give a non-zero policy gradient. In this work we explore a middleground, a self-distillation technique that uses answer-only data, t…

AI サービスが一時的に利用できないため、復旧後に翻訳を補完します。ソース概要：arXiv:2610.18877v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Time-series language models typically align numerical signals with language using labels, captions, or question-answer pairs. Although such supervision encourages linguistic representations, it does not explicitly require them to preserve information about how the underlying time-series signal evolves. We introduce forecast grounding, a pretraining principle that requires language-aligned time-series representations to remain predictive of the future evolution before they are adapted to downstream tasks. We instantiate this principle in LOTUS, which divides each time-series channel into non-overlapping patches and maps them into the LLM embedding space. It then predicts the next patch from the LLM hidd…

AI サービスが一時的に利用できないため、復旧後に翻訳を補完します。ソース概要：arXiv:2610.14209v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The most accurate agents executing user-provided tasks are driven by large, cloud-hosted models, which solve them by reading the private data of the user. Agents powered by models small enough to run on edge devices keep that data local, but yield far worse results. A third option is to have cloud models write a program that devices execute: the data stays local, but as the program is written before any data is seen, it fails whenever a step depends on interpreting content that appears only at run time. We explore an intermediate architecture, in which the cloud-written program defers bounded questions over user data to a small local model through an ordinary function call. On AppWorld this improves th…

AI サービスが一時的に利用できないため、復旧後に翻訳を補完します。ソース概要：arXiv:2610.14190v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Explaining a vision--language model (VLM) prediction requires tracing training-example influence to the multimodal evidence that mediates it, yet existing attribution methods largely operate only at the sample level. Recent latent-mediated influence methods provide feature-level attribution in language models, but lack the multimodal and spatial structure needed to ground influence in VLMs. We introduce MOSAIC (Multimodal Orthogonalized Sparse Autoencoders for Influence Characterization). It learns a shared sparse image--text latent space whose concepts are 1) sparse within each modality, 2) supported on contiguous image regions, 3) aligned to the phrases that describe them, and 4) approximately decorr…